Manuscript Preparation Standards

Manuscripts should be submitted as Microsoft Word files using twelve point font, double spacing, and continuous line numbering. Include a title page, abstract, main text, references, tables, and figure legends in a single file, with figures uploaded separately.

Use clear headings and follow IMRAD structure for original research. Review articles should describe search strategy and selection criteria. Case reports must include patient consent and clinical relevance.

Provide complete funding statements, author contributions, and conflict of interest disclosures. If any clinical trial registration is required, include the registry name and identifier in the abstract and methods section.

Ensure that statistical methods are described with sufficient detail and that effect sizes and confidence intervals are reported where applicable. Tables and figures should not duplicate text and must be understandable without referencing the main narrative.

If your study includes specialized assays, imaging protocols, or computational pipelines, provide enough detail for replication. When possible, share code or software versions and identify data repositories.

During revision, respond to reviewer comments clearly, identify where changes were made, and provide both marked and clean versions of the manuscript.

A concise cover letter should summarize the manuscript contribution, confirm exclusive submission, and highlight any prior posting such as a preprint. If related work has been submitted elsewhere, disclose it to avoid duplication concerns.

Ensure that all tables, figures, and supplementary files are cited in order within the text. Multimedia files should use common formats and include brief captions. If patient images or identifiable data are included, confirm consent and remove unnecessary identifiers. Line numbering throughout the manuscript helps reviewers provide precise feedback.

Reference accuracy is critical. Verify all citations, include DOI links when available, and ensure that reference formatting follows Vancouver style to prevent production delays.

Use SI units and standard clinical terminology throughout. Abbreviations should be defined at first use and used consistently in the abstract, tables, and figures.

File names should be clear and descriptive, especially for figures and supplementary materials, to avoid confusion during production.

Figures should be high resolution, at least three hundred dpi, and submitted in standard formats such as TIFF, JPEG, or PNG. Provide complete legends that explain symbols, units, and statistical annotations.

Case reports must include explicit patient consent for publication of clinical details and images. Remove identifying information unless it is essential and covered by consent.

Systematic reviews should include search dates, databases, inclusion criteria, and a PRISMA flow diagram when applicable. Narrative reviews must still describe the evidence selection approach.

Clinical trials should describe randomization, blinding, and allocation concealment methods. Include adverse event reporting and registration details in the manuscript.

Title Page and Authorship

Provide a concise title, full author names, affiliations, corresponding author contact details, running head, word count, and complete conflict of interest statements. Include ORCID identifiers where available.

Abstract and Keywords

Original research requires a structured abstract with Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions within two hundred fifty words. Provide five to eight keywords using MeSH terms when possible.

Methods and Reporting

Describe study design, setting, participants, interventions, outcomes, and statistical analysis with enough detail for replication. Report software versions and include ethical approval identifiers.

Figures, Tables, and References

Submit high resolution figures as separate files and provide complete legends. Tables should be editable and placed after references. Use Vancouver numeric citation style and include DOI links when available.

Supplementary Materials

Additional datasets, protocols, or extended analyses may be submitted as supplementary files. Reference these items in the main text and label files clearly for review and publication.

Language and Style

Manuscripts must be written in clear English using consistent spelling conventions. Authors who are not native English speakers should consider professional editing before submission.

Revisions

When revising, respond to reviewer comments point by point. Highlight changes in the manuscript and provide a clean version for final evaluation.

Statistical Reporting

Report effect sizes, confidence intervals, and exact p values when appropriate. Describe assumptions, missing data handling, and sensitivity analyses.

Permissions

Secure permissions for any third party figures or tables and include documentation at submission.

Reporting Guidelines

Use CONSORT, PRISMA, STROBE, ARRIVE, or other recognized guidelines appropriate to study design and include completed checklists when applicable.

Data and Code

Include a data availability statement and share code or protocols when possible to support reproducibility.